Pamphlets at School
Mark Graber
mgraber at gvpt.umd.edu
Fri Nov 5 11:34:58 PST 2004
A little story on what constitutes harassment. When I was an
undergraduate at Dartmouth, the university allowed "Jews" for Jesus to
set up shop in the main campus center where we picked up our mail. When
Jewish students protested, we were told, we were way too sensitive.
That night some of us formed a new group, "Christians Against Christ."
We took a table in the main campus center. Within an hour, both groups
were asked to leave. As to whether that was right, who knows. But it
is interesting that a great many people who did not think Jews should be
bothered by Christian proslytization were really bothered when some
uppity Jews engaged in anti-Christian proslytization. It does seem
fairly clear to me that under the Establishment Clause a state can say
(perhaps must say, given mandatory attendence) that no prolytization
shall go on in the schools.
MAG
>>> VOLOKH at law.ucla.edu 11/05/04 12:47 PM >>>
It's interesting how the rhetoric of harassment works its way into the
analysis. Here we have what sounds like a simple attempt to convert
people, with no threats, insults, or even repetition; yet it ends up
being labeled as "imping[ing] on the rights of other students," as
"harassment," and something from which people are entitled to be
"protect[ed]."
But do people really have a right not to hear occasional polite calls --
even occasional polite calls that are directed at them -- to change
their beliefs and ideologies? Yes, I know that some students might
perceive this as offensive or even intimidating. Still, it seems to me
that, given the First Amendment, such individual perception isn't reason
enough to lead the law to confer a "right" not to have certain views
addressed to you.
Also, if this is harassment, and infringement of rights, then does it
follow that the government may -- using hostile environment harassment
law -- actually require even private schools (which, after all, are
bound by many states' antidiscrimination laws) to restrict such messages
from students to classmates?
Eugene
-----Original Message-----
From: religionlaw-bounces at lists.ucla.edu on behalf of Alan
Brownstein
Sent: Fri 11/5/2004 12:38 PM
To: marc stern; Law & Religion issues for Law Academics
Cc:
Subject: RE: Pamphlets at School
Marc
I know of no case dealing with prohibitions against the
targeting of
students based on religion or race. I think the school's best
argument
would be that targeted communications impinge on the rights of
other
students. If the meaning of harassment is context specific, as I
think it
is, public schools ought to have more discretion in protecting
students
against targeted speech than would be permissible in other
settings.
Another approach might focus on the fact that the pamphlets were
left on
student's desks. Schools have some authority to control whether
school
property that is designated for particular purposes is used for
other
purposes. Desks are not mailboxes for private communications.
Even if
they were utilized as the site for some school approved
communications
between private parties, some content discriminatory regulations
would be
upheld (See Perry -- upholding content-based restrictions on the
use of
school mailboxes)
I am dashing out to catch a flight and can not spend more time
on this
right now. But I will give more thought to it over the weekend.
The
school will have to proceed carefully, but there may be ways for
it to
protect students of minority faiths from this kind of behavior.
Alan Brownstein
UC Davis
At 08:55 AM 11/5/2004, you wrote:
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> The problem I see is that the state is not discriminating;
students are
and
> they would have a freedom of speech and association claim. The
state
could
> not on a public sidewalk invoke civil rights laws to prohibit
a
distribution
> of literature to Jews or Christians only, could it?
>
> Marc Stern
>
>
>
> _____
>
> From: religionlaw-bounces at lists.ucla.edu
> [mailto:religionlaw-bounces at lists.ucla.edu] On Behalf Of Marty
Lederman
> Sent: Friday, November 05, 2004 11:52 AM
> To: gene at osolaw.com; Law & Religion issues for Law Academics
> Subject: Re: Pamphlets at School
>
>
>
> Marc's question was not whether the school could prohibit
distribution
of
> religious literature; as I understand it, it was whether the
school
could
> prohibit literature distributors from targeting Jewish
students as the
> audience for the literature, regardless of its content. I
think the
answer
> to that question is probably "yes" -- a simple prohibition on
religious
> discrimination against students would do the trick, and it
would be no
more
> unconstitutional than are the bans on religious discrimination
in,
e.g., the
> Civil Rights Act.
>
>
>
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
>
> From: "Gene Summerlin" < <mailto:gene at osolaw.com>
gene at osolaw.com>
>
> To: "'Law & Religion issues for Law Academics'" <
> <mailto:religionlaw at lists.ucla.edu>
religionlaw at lists.ucla.edu>
>
> Sent: Friday, November 05, 2004 11:43 AM
>
> Subject: Pamphlets at School
>
>
>
> > While the school could potentially eliminate the
distribution of all
> flyers
> > or pamphlets as a time, place or manner restriction, I
seriously doubt
> that
> > a content based prohibition on just religious speech would
be upheld.
> >
> > The right to free speech includes the right to distribute
literature.
> Martin
> > v. City of Struthers, 319 U.S. 141 (1943). The Supreme Court
considers the
> > distribution of printed material as pure speech. Texas v.
Johnson, 491
> U.S.
> > 397, 406 (1989). The peaceful distribution of literature is
a
protected
> form
> > of free speech just like verbal speech. United States v.
Grace, 461
U.S.
> > 171, 176 (1983) ("leafletting is protected speech."); Lovell
v. City
of
> > Griffin, 303 U.S. 444, 451-52 (1938) ("liberty of
circulating is as
> > essential to [freedom of speech] as liberty of publishing;
indeed
without
> > circulation, the publication would be of little value.")
> > The Supreme Court has recognized "that the right to
distribute flyers
and
> > literature lies at the heart of the liberties guaranteed by
the
speech and
> > press clauses of the First Amendment." ISKCON v. Lee, 112 S.
Ct. 2711,
> 2720
> > (1992).
> >
> > Of course, in a school setting the school has the right to
prohibited
> speech
> > activities if those activities "substantially interfere with
the work
of
> the
> > school, or impinge upon the rights of other students."
Tinker v. Des
> Moines
> > Indep. Sch. Dist., 393 U.S. 503, 509 (1969). However, the
Tinker
Court
> made
> > it clear that impinging upon the rights of other students is
something
> > substantially more than communicating a message that others
disagree
with
> or
> > find offensive. "Any departure from absolute regimentation
may cause
> > trouble. Any variation from the majority's opinion may
inspire fear.
Any
> > word spoken, in class, in the lunchroom, or on the campus,
that
deviates
> > from the views of another person may start an argument or
cause a
> > disturbance. But our Constitution says we must take this
risk and our
> > history says that it is this risk of hazardous freedom --
this kind of
> > openness -- that is the basis of our national strength and
of the
> > independence of vigor of Americans who grew up and live in
this
relatively
> > permissive, often disputatious, society." Tinker, 393 U.S.
at 508-09
> > (citations omitted).
> >
> > Nor can school officials require "preapproval" of
distributed
material.
> See
> > Fujishima v. Board of Educ., 460 F.2d 1355, 1358 (7th Cir.
1972). See
> e.g.,
> > Nitzderg v. Parks, 525 F.2d 378, 383-85 (4th Cir. 1975);
Baughman v.
Board
> > of Educ., 478 F.2d 1345 (4th Cir. 1973); Quarterman v. Byrd,
453 F.2d
54
> > (4th Cir. 1971); Eisner v. Stamford Board of Educ., 440 F.2d
803 (2d
Cir.
> > 1971); Riseman v. School Committee, 439 F.2d 148 (1st Cir.
1971);
> > Johnston-Loehner v. O'Brien, 859 F.Supp. 575 (M.D. Fla.
1994);
Slotterback
> > v. Interboro Sch. Dist., 766 F.Supp. 280 (E.D. Penn. 1991);
Riveria v.
> Board
> > of Regents, 721 F.Supp. 1189, 1197 (D. Col. 1989); Sullivan
v. Houston
> > Indep. Sch. Dist., 333 F.Supp. 1149 (S.D. Tex. 1971); Zucker
v.
Panitz,
> 299
> > F.Supp. 102 (S.D. N.Y. 1969). See also Muller v. Jefferson
Lighthouse
> Sch.,
> > 98 F.3d 1530 (7th Cir. 1996); Hedges v. Wauconda Community
Unit Sch.
Dist.
> > No. 118, 9 F.3d 1295 (7th Cir. 1993); Bystrom v. Friedley
High Sch.,
822
> > F.2d 747 (8th Cir. 1987); Shanley v. Northeast Indep. Sch.
Dist., 462
F.2d
> > 960 (5th Cir. 1972).
> >
> >>From a practical perspective, if I were asked to advise the
school I
would
> > be sure to inform them that if they decide to enact such a
ban, they
> better
> > start a litigation fund because it is sure to start a
lawsuit.
> >
> > Good luck, Marc.
> >
> > Gene Summerlin
> > Ogborn Summerlin & Ogborn P.C.
> > 210 Windsor Place
> > 330 So. 10th St.
> > Lincoln, NE 68508
> > (402) 434-8040
> > (402) 434-8044 (FAX)
> > (402) 730-5344 (Mobile)
> > <http://www.osolaw.com> www.osolaw.com
> > <mailto:gene at osolaw.com> gene at osolaw.com
> >
> >
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: <mailto:religionlaw-bounces at lists.ucla.edu>
> religionlaw-bounces at lists.ucla.edu
> > [mailto:religionlaw-bounces at lists.ucla.edu]On Behalf Of marc
stern
> > Sent: Friday, November 05, 2004 9:58 AM
> > To: 'Law & Religion issues for Law Academics'
> > Subject: (no subject)
> >
> >
> > Anonymous students left pamphlets calling on students to
accept Jesus
on
> the
> > desks of Jewish public high school students and no other
students. I
have
> > been asked whether a school could ban religiously targeted
distribution of
> > any pamphlet. Any responses?
> > Marc Stern
> >
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > To post, send message to
<mailto:Religionlaw at lists.ucla.edu>
> Religionlaw at lists.ucla.edu
> > To subscribe, unsubscribe, change options, or get password,
see
> >
<http://lists.ucla.edu/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/religionlaw>
> http://lists.ucla.edu/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/religionlaw
> >
> > Please note that messages sent to this large list cannot be
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> > posted; people can read the Web archives; and list members
can
(rightly or
> > wrongly) forward the messages to others.
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > To post, send message to
<mailto:Religionlaw at lists.ucla.edu>
> Religionlaw at lists.ucla.edu
> > To subscribe, unsubscribe, change options, or get password,
see
> <http://lists.ucla.edu/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/religionlaw>
> http://lists.ucla.edu/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/religionlaw
> >
> > Please note that messages sent to this large list cannot be
viewed as
> private. Anyone can subscribe to the list and read messages
that are
> posted; people can read the Web archives; and list members can
(rightly
or
> wrongly) forward the messages to others.
>
>
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> <div class=3DSection1>
>
> <p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy
face=3DArial><span =
> style=3D'font-size:
> 10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>The problem I see is that
the
state =
> is not
> discriminating; students are and they would have a freedom of
speech and
> association claim. The state could not on a public sidewalk
invoke
civil =
> rights
> laws to prohibit a distribution of literature to Jews or
Christians =
> only, could
> it?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
>
> <p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy
face=3DArial><span =
> style=3D'font-size:
> 10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Marc =
> Stern<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
>
> <p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy
face=3DArial><span =
> style=3D'font-size:
> 10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p>
</o:p></span></font></p>
>
> <div>
>
> <div class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dcenter
style=3D'text-align:center'><font
=
> size=3D3
> face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'>
>
> <hr size=3D2 width=3D"100%" align=3Dcenter tabindex=3D-1>
>
> </span></font></div>
>
> <p class=3DMsoNormal><b><font size=3D2 face=3DTahoma><span =
> style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
>
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font =
> size=3D2
> face=3DTahoma><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'> =
> <st1:PersonName
>
w:st=3D"on">religionlaw-bounces at lists.ucla.edu</st1:PersonName> =
> [mailto:<st1:PersonName
>
w:st=3D"on">religionlaw-bounces at lists.ucla.edu</st1:PersonName>] =
> <b><span
> style=3D'font-weight:bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Marty
Lederman<br>
> <b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Friday,
November =
> 05, 2004
> 11:52 AM<br>
> <b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b>
gene at osolaw.com; =
> <st1:PersonName
> w:st=3D"on">Law & Religion issues for Law =
> Academics</st1:PersonName><br>
> <b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Re:
Pamphlets
at =
> School</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
>
> </div>
>
> <p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New
Roman"><span =
> style=3D'font-size:
> 12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
>
> <div>
>
> <p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
> style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
> font-family:Arial'>Marc's question was not whether the school
could =
> prohibit
> distribution of religious literature; as I understand it, it
was
whether =
> the
> school could prohibit literature distributors from targeting
Jewish =
> students as
> the <em><i><font face=3DArial><span =
> style=3D'font-family:Arial'>audience</span></font></i></em>
> for the literature, regardless of its content. I think the
answer =
> to that
> question is probably "yes" -- a simple prohibition on =
> religious
> discrimination against students would do the trick, and it
would be no =
> more
> unconstitutional than are the bans on religious discrimination
in,
e.g., =
> the
> Civil Rights Act.</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
>
> </div>
>
> <div>
>
> <p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New
Roman"><span =
> style=3D'font-size:
> 12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
>
> </div>
>
> <div>
>
> <p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New
Roman"><span =
> style=3D'font-size:
> 12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
>
> </div>
>
> <div>
>
> <p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
> style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
> font-family:Arial'>----- Original Message ----- =
> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
>
> <div>
>
> <p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
> style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
> font-family:Arial'>From: "Gene Summerlin" <</span></font><a
> href=3D"mailto:gene at osolaw.com"><font size=3D2
face=3DArial><span =
> style=3D'font-size:
>
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>gene at osolaw.com</span></font></a><font =
> size=3D2
> face=3DArial><span =
>
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>></span></font><o:p></o:p=
> ></p>
>
> </div>
>
> <div>
>
> <p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
> style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
> font-family:Arial'>To: "'<st1:PersonName w:st=3D"on">Law & =
> Religion
> issues for Law Academics</st1:PersonName>'" <</span></font><a
> href=3D"mailto:religionlaw at lists.ucla.edu"><font size=3D2 =
> face=3DArial><span
> style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-
family:Arial'>religionlaw at lists.ucla.edu</=
> span></font></a><font
> size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
>
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>></span></font><o:p></o:p=
> ></p>
>
> </div>
>
> <div>
>
> <p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
> style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
> font-family:Arial'>Sent: Friday, November 05, 2004 11:43 =
> AM</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
>
> </div>
>
> <div>
>
> <p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
> style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
> font-family:Arial'>Subject: Pamphlets at =
> School</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
>
> </div>
>
> </div>
>
> <div>
>
> <p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New
Roman"><span =
> style=3D'font-size:
> 12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
>
> </div>
>
> <p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
> style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
> font-family:Arial'>> While the school could potentially
eliminate the
> distribution of all flyers<br>
> > or pamphlets as a time, place or manner restriction, I
seriously =
> doubt
> that<br>
> > a content based prohibition on just religious speech would
be =
> upheld.<br>
> > <br>
> > The right to free speech includes the right to distribute =
> literature.
> Martin<br>
> > v. City of <st1:City w:st=3D"on">Struthers</st1:City>, 319 =
> <st1:country-region
> w:st=3D"on"><st1:place
w:st=3D"on">U.S.</st1:place></st1:country-
region> =
> 141
> (1943). The Supreme Court considers the<br>
> > distribution of printed material as pure speech. <st1:State
=
> w:st=3D"on">Texas</st1:State>
> v. Johnson, 491 <st1:country-region w:st=3D"on"><st1:place =
> w:st=3D"on">U.S.</st1:place></st1:country-region><br>
> > 397, 406 (1989). The peaceful distribution of literature is
a =
> protected
> form<br>
> > of free speech just like verbal speech. <st1:country-region
=
> w:st=3D"on">United
> States</st1:country-region> v. Grace, 461 <st1:country-region
=
> w:st=3D"on"><st1:place
> w:st=3D"on">U.S.</st1:place></st1:country-region><br>
> > 171, 176 (1983) ("leafletting is protected speech."); =
> Lovell v.
> City of<br>
> > <st1:City w:st=3D"on">Griffin</st1:City>, 303
<st1:country-region =
> w:st=3D"on"><st1:place
> w:st=3D"on">U.S.</st1:place></st1:country-region> 444, 451-52
(1938)
> ("liberty of circulating is as<br>
> > essential to [freedom of speech] as liberty of publishing;
indeed =
> without<br>
> > circulation, the publication would be of little value.")<br>
> > The Supreme Court has recognized "that the right to
distribute =
> flyers
> and<br>
> > literature lies at the heart of the liberties guaranteed by
the =
> speech and<br>
> > press clauses of the First Amendment." ISKCON v. Lee, 112 =
> <st1:place
> w:st=3D"on">S. Ct.</st1:place> 2711, 2720<br>
> > (1992).<br>
> > <br>
> > Of course, in a school setting the school has the right to =
> prohibited
> speech<br>
> > activities if those activities "substantially interfere with
=
> the work
> of the<br>
> > school, or impinge upon the rights of other students."
Tinker =
> v. <st1:City
> w:st=3D"on"><st1:place w:st=3D"on">Des
Moines</st1:place></st1:City><br>
> > Indep. Sch. Dist., 393 <st1:country-region
w:st=3D"on"><st1:place =
> w:st=3D"on">U.S.</st1:place></st1:country-region>
> 503, 509 (1969). However, the <st1:Street
w:st=3D"on"><st1:address =
> w:st=3D"on">Tinker
> Court</st1:address></st1:Street> made<br>
> > it clear that impinging upon the rights of other students is
=
> something<br>
> > substantially more than communicating a message that others
=
> disagree with
> or<br>
> > find offensive. "Any departure from absolute =
> regimentation may
> cause<br>
> > trouble. Any variation from the majority's opinion may
inspire =
> fear. Any<br>
> > word spoken, in class, in the lunchroom, or on the campus,
that =
> deviates<br>
> > from the views of another person may start an argument or
cause =
> a<br>
> > disturbance. But our Constitution says we must take this
risk and =
> our<br>
> > history says that it is this risk of hazardous freedom --
this kind =
> of<br>
> > openness -- that is the basis of our national strength and
of =
> the<br>
> > independence of vigor of Americans who grew up and live in
this =
> relatively<br>
> > permissive, often disputatious, society." Tinker, 393 =
> <st1:country-region
> w:st=3D"on"><st1:place
w:st=3D"on">U.S.</st1:place></st1:country-
region> =
> at 508-09<br>
> > (citations omitted).<br>
> > <br>
> > Nor can school officials require "preapproval" of =
> distributed
> material. See<br>
> > Fujishima v. Board of Educ., 460 F.2d 1355, 1358 (7th Cir.
1972). =
> See
> e.g.,<br>
> > Nitzderg v. Parks, 525 F.2d 378, 383-85 (4th Cir. 1975);
Baughman =
> v. Board<br>
> > of Educ., 478 F.2d 1345 (4th Cir. 1973); Quarterman v. Byrd,
453 =
> F.2d 54<br>
> > (4th Cir. 1971); Eisner v. <st1:City w:st=3D"on"><st1:place
=
> w:st=3D"on">Stamford</st1:place></st1:City>
> Board of Educ., 440 F.2d 803 (2d Cir.<br>
> > 1971); Riseman v. School Committee, 439 F.2d 148 (1st Cir. =
> 1971);<br>
> > Johnston-Loehner v. O'Brien, 859 F.Supp. 575 (M.D. Fla.
1994); =
> Slotterback<br>
> > v. Interboro Sch. Dist., 766 F.Supp. 280 (E.D. Penn. 1991);
Riveria =
> v.
> Board<br>
> > of Regents, 721 F.Supp. 1189, 1197 (D. <st1:country-region =
> w:st=3D"on">Col.</st1:country-region>
> 1989); Sullivan v. <st1:City w:st=3D"on"><st1:place =
> w:st=3D"on">Houston</st1:place></st1:City><br>
> > Indep. Sch. Dist., 333 F.Supp. 1149 (S.D. <st1:State =
> w:st=3D"on"><st1:place
> w:st=3D"on">Tex.</st1:place></st1:State> 1971); Zucker v.
Panitz, =
> 299<br>
> > F.Supp. 102 (S.D. N.Y. 1969). See also Muller v. Jefferson =
> Lighthouse
> Sch.,<br>
> > 98 F.3d 1530 (7th Cir. 1996); Hedges v. Wauconda Community
Unit =
> Sch. Dist.<br>
> > No. 118, 9 F.3d 1295 (7th Cir. 1993); Bystrom v. Friedley
High =
> Sch., 822<br>
> > F.2d 747 (8th Cir. 1987); Shanley v. <st1:place =
> w:st=3D"on">Northeast Indep</st1:place>.
> Sch. Dist., 462 F.2d<br>
> > 960 (5th Cir. 1972).<br>
> > <br>
> >>From a practical perspective, if I were asked to advise the
=
> school I
> would<br>
> > be sure to inform them that if they decide to enact such a
ban, =
> they
> better<br>
> > start a litigation fund because it is sure to start a
lawsuit.<br>
> > <br>
> > Good luck, Marc.<br>
> > <br>
> > Gene Summerlin<br>
> > Ogborn Summerlin & Ogborn P.C.<br>
> > <st1:Street w:st=3D"on"><st1:address w:st=3D"on">210 Windsor
=
> Place</st1:address></st1:Street><br>
> > 330 So. <st1:Street w:st=3D"on"><st1:address
w:st=3D"on">10th =
> St</st1:address></st1:Street>.<br>
> > <st1:place w:st=3D"on"><st1:City
w:st=3D"on">Lincoln</st1:City>, =
> <st1:State
> w:st=3D"on">NE</st1:State> <st1:PostalCode =
> w:st=3D"on">68508</st1:PostalCode></st1:place><br>
> > (402) 434-8040<br>
> > (402) 434-8044 (FAX)<br>
> > (402) 730-5344 (<st1:City w:st=3D"on"><st1:place =
> w:st=3D"on">Mobile</st1:place></st1:City>)<br>
> > </span></font><a href=3D"http://www.osolaw.com"><font
size=3D2 =
> face=3DArial><span
> style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-
family:Arial'>www.osolaw.com</span></font>=
> </a><br>
> <font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
> style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>>
</span></font><a
> href=3D"mailto:gene at osolaw.com"><font size=3D2
face=3DArial><span =
> style=3D'font-size:
>
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>gene at osolaw.com</span></font></a><br>
> <font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
> style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>> <br>
> > <br>
> > -----Original Message-----<br>
> > From: </span></font><a =
> href=3D"mailto:religionlaw-bounces at lists.ucla.edu"><font
> size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
> style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>religionlaw-
bounces at lists.uc=
> la.edu</span></font></a><br>
> <font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
> style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>>
> [mailto:<st1:PersonName =
>
w:st=3D"on">religionlaw-bounces at lists.ucla.edu</st1:PersonName>]On
> Behalf Of marc stern<br>
> > Sent: Friday, November 05, 2004 9:58 AM<br>
> > To: '<st1:PersonName w:st=3D"on">Law & Religion issues for
Law =
> Academics</st1:PersonName>'<br>
> > Subject: (no subject)<br>
> > <br>
> > <br>
> > Anonymous students left pamphlets calling on students to
accept =
> Jesus on
> the<br>
> > desks of Jewish public high school students and no other
students. =
> I have<br>
> > been asked whether a school could ban religiously targeted =
> distribution of<br>
> > any pamphlet. Any responses?<br>
> > Marc Stern<br>
> > <br>
> > <br>
> > <br>
> > _______________________________________________<br>
> > To post, send message to </span></font><a
> href=3D"mailto:Religionlaw at lists.ucla.edu"><font size=3D2 =
> face=3DArial><span
> style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-
family:Arial'>Religionlaw at lists.ucla.edu</=
> span></font></a><br>
> <font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
> style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>>
> To subscribe, unsubscribe, change options, or get password,
see<br>
> > </span></font><a
> href=3D"http://lists.ucla.edu/cgi-
bin/mailman/listinfo/religionlaw"><font=
> size=3D2
> face=3DArial><span =
>
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>http://lists.ucla.edu/cgi-
bi=
> n/mailman/listinfo/religionlaw</span></font></a><br>
> <font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
> style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>> <br>
> > Please note that messages sent to this large list cannot be
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> > wrongly) forward the messages to others.<br>
> > <br>
> > _______________________________________________<br>
> > To post, send message to </span></font><a
> href=3D"mailto:Religionlaw at lists.ucla.edu"><font size=3D2 =
> face=3DArial><span
> style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-
family:Arial'>Religionlaw at lists.ucla.edu</=
> span></font></a><br>
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> To subscribe, unsubscribe, change options, or get password,
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style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>http://lists.ucla.edu/cgi-
bi=
> n/mailman/listinfo/religionlaw</span></font></a><br>
> <font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
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> > Please note that messages sent to this large list cannot be
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that =
> are
> posted; people can read the Web archives; and list members can
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