Presidential use of armed forces without congressional authorization

[Allan Ides]

Depending on who is counting and what they count, there are about 200
such incidents prior to 1980, most relatively limited.  John Hart Ely
has a book in which in documents much of this.  Can't recall the name
of the book but it came out in the mid- to late 80s.

Allan Ides

----- Original Message -----
From: "SILVERBURG Dr. Sanford" <SSILVER at CATAWBA.EDU>
Date: Thursday, September 26, 2002 5:02 pm
Subject: Re: Presidential use of armed forces without congressional
authorization

> There is the classic situation of the War Against the Barbary Coast
> Pirates, albeit with the support of a Joint Resolution.
> Sanford Silverburg
>
>
> On 26 Sep 2002 at 16:38, William Funk wrote:
>
> > In preparing for a panel concerning a possible US unilateral
> invasion of
> > Iraq, I am trying to find examples of situations in which the
> President> has employed US forces in military action without
> having obtained
> > congressional authorization, other than in arguably emergency
> > situations, such as attempting the recapture of the Mayaguez by
> > President Ford, the rescue of the students in Grenada, and perhaps
> > President Carter's attempted rescue of the diplomatic hostages.
> As far
> > as I know the invasion of Panama to capture Noriega was without
> > congressional authorization, but that is the only case I can
> think of.
> >  Any others?  Or any sources for examples?
> >
> > Bill Funk
> > Lewis & Clark Law School
>